Whether designing a new job or restructuring an existing one, the critical activities that the job holder will have to perform must be identified. This concept of criticality is fundamental to the Team Management Systems approach to job analysis.

Margerison-McCann Types of Work Wheel

Research has shown that while many of these critical job activities can be carried out by a wide variety of people, certain key activities need to be carried out by people with particular abilities, preferences, and skills. In most jobs there are likely to be two or three activities that are critical to successful performance. If these activities are carried out effectively, it can make the difference between high and low performance in a job.

• Advising - Gathering and reporting information
• Innovating - Creating and experimenting with ideas
• Promoting - Exploring and presenting opportunities
• Developing - Assessing and testing the applicability of new approaches
• Organising - Establishing and implementing ways of making things work
• Producing - Concluding and delivering outputs
• Inspecting - Controlling and auditing the working of systems
• Maintaining - Upholding and safeguarding standards and processes
• Linking - Coordinating and integrating the work of others

The Types of Work Model is versatile, allowing any of the following uses and approaches:

• Analysis of existing jobs
• Job design and redesign
• Individual rating of a job
• Multiple views of the same job

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